Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi
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| − | '''Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi al-Qurashi al-Husseini''', full name '''Ibrahim bin ‘Awad bin Ibrahim al-Badri ar-Radawi al-Husseini as-Samara’i''', real name '''Ibrahim ibn Awwad al-Badri al-Samarrai''' (b. 1971?) a.k.a. '''Abu Du'a'''<ref>as shown on U.S. Government wanted posters</ref> and '''Caliph Ibrahim''' is a mysterious figure and the self-declared Emir of the State of Islam in Iraq and Syria or "[[Daesh]]", descendent of the [[Muhammad|Prophet Muhammad]]<ref>Disputes exist to Ibrahim's use the surname al-Hussaini to convince followers of a relationship to the Prophet Muhammad's bloodline. [http://al-shorfa.com/en_GB/articles/meii/features/2013/12/16/feature-01]</ref>, Commander of the Faithful and [[Caliph]] of all [[Muslim]]s.<ref>[http://pietervanostaeyen.wordpress.com/2013/07/15/abu-bakr-al-baghdadi-a-short-biography-of-the-isis-sheikh/ Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi – a Short Biography of the ISIS Sheikh], July | + | '''Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi al-Qurashi al-Husseini''', full name '''Ibrahim bin ‘Awad bin Ibrahim al-Badri ar-Radawi al-Husseini as-Samara’i''', real name '''Ibrahim ibn Awwad al-Badri al-Samarrai''' (b. 1971?) a.k.a. '''Abu Du'a'''<ref>as shown on U.S. Government wanted posters</ref> and '''Caliph Ibrahim''' is a mysterious figure and the self-declared Emir of the State of Islam in Iraq and Syria or "[[Daesh]]", descendent of the [[Muhammad|Prophet Muhammad]]<ref>Disputes exist to Ibrahim's use the surname al-Hussaini to convince followers of a relationship to the Prophet Muhammad's bloodline. [http://al-shorfa.com/en_GB/articles/meii/features/2013/12/16/feature-01]</ref>, Commander of the Faithful and [[Caliph]] of all [[Muslim]]s.<ref>[http://pietervanostaeyen.wordpress.com/2013/07/15/abu-bakr-al-baghdadi-a-short-biography-of-the-isis-sheikh/ Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi – a Short Biography of the ISIS Sheikh], July 15, 2014 by Pieter Van Ostaeyen.</ref> |
| − | 15, 2014 by Pieter Van Ostaeyen.</ref> | + | |
| + | ==Background== | ||
Baghdadi claims to have attended the Islamic University of Baghdad where he earned a PhD in Islamic studies, however critics dispute this. He is said to have founded (c.2003) his own small insurgent group, the Jaysh Ahl al-Sunna, active in Samara, Diyala and Baghdad. He was held captive by U.S. Forces-Iraq at Camp Bucca near Basra from February until December 2004 as a "civilian detainee" but eventually was recommended for an "unconditional release" by a Combined Review and Release Board. | Baghdadi claims to have attended the Islamic University of Baghdad where he earned a PhD in Islamic studies, however critics dispute this. He is said to have founded (c.2003) his own small insurgent group, the Jaysh Ahl al-Sunna, active in Samara, Diyala and Baghdad. He was held captive by U.S. Forces-Iraq at Camp Bucca near Basra from February until December 2004 as a "civilian detainee" but eventually was recommended for an "unconditional release" by a Combined Review and Release Board. | ||
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Eulogizing [[Osama bin Laden]], the deceased Emir of al Qaeda killed in Pakistan by American Special Forces, Baghdadi threatened blood, destruction, and fear in retaliation.<ref>[http://www.un.org/sc/committees/1267/NSQI29911E.shtml Security Council Committee pursuant to resolutions 1267 (1999) and 1989 (2011) concerning Al-Qaida and associated individuals: Ibrahim ibn Awwad al-Badri al-Samarrai].</ref> Three days later, Baghdadi claimed responsibility for an attack in Hilla, Iraq, that killed 24 policemen and wounded 72 others. On August 15, 2011, a wave of suicide attacks began in Mosul which culminated in over 70 deaths. Shortly thereafter, Baghdadi's pledged on AQI’s website to carry out 100 more attacks in retaliation for bin Laden’s death.<ref>[http://web.archive.org/web/20111211065625/http://www.rewardsforjustice.net/index.cfm?page=dua Abu Du'a, Rewards for Justice], U.S. State Department.</ref> | Eulogizing [[Osama bin Laden]], the deceased Emir of al Qaeda killed in Pakistan by American Special Forces, Baghdadi threatened blood, destruction, and fear in retaliation.<ref>[http://www.un.org/sc/committees/1267/NSQI29911E.shtml Security Council Committee pursuant to resolutions 1267 (1999) and 1989 (2011) concerning Al-Qaida and associated individuals: Ibrahim ibn Awwad al-Badri al-Samarrai].</ref> Three days later, Baghdadi claimed responsibility for an attack in Hilla, Iraq, that killed 24 policemen and wounded 72 others. On August 15, 2011, a wave of suicide attacks began in Mosul which culminated in over 70 deaths. Shortly thereafter, Baghdadi's pledged on AQI’s website to carry out 100 more attacks in retaliation for bin Laden’s death.<ref>[http://web.archive.org/web/20111211065625/http://www.rewardsforjustice.net/index.cfm?page=dua Abu Du'a, Rewards for Justice], U.S. State Department.</ref> | ||
| − | His name is | + | ==His name== |
| + | For the benefit of below, here is a brief understanding of Arabic names. | ||
| + | *The <span style="color:red">"Ism"</span> - The person's personal, which indicates a characteristic the namer hoped they would posess. They are usually Arabic adjectives in common usage. | ||
| + | *The <span style="color:orange">"Laqab"</span> - Historically, this was another adjective used alongside the Ism. In modern times this represents the person's family name. | ||
| + | *The <span style="color:green">"Nasab"</span> - The father's name, represented with "bin"/"ben"/"ibn"/"bint". There may be a few Nasabs, depending on how far the namer wished the individual's heritage to be known. | ||
| + | *The <span style="color:blue">"Nisbah"</span> - The last part of the name indicates a tribe, their city or country. Some people may have a distant ancestor as their Nisbah. Since the Nisbah and Lawab aren't used together in someone's name, the it will assume the Laqab's historical version as a quality. | ||
| + | |||
| + | His birthname, "<span style="color:red">Ibrahim</span> <span style="color:green">ibn Awwad</span> <span style="color:blue">al-Badri al-Samarrai</span>", thus reads as: "''Ibrahim, son of Awwad, the beautiful, from Samarra''" | ||
| + | :From this we gather that his father was called Awwad, that he thought "beautiful" was a good name for his son (though the literal reading of al-Badri is "the moonfaced"), and that they were from Samarra in Iraq. | ||
| + | |||
| + | The longer of his new names is: "<span style="color:red">Ibrahim</span> <span style="color:green">bin ‘Awad bin Ibrahim</span> <span style="color:blue">al-Badri ar-Radawi al-Husseini as-Samara’i</span>" | ||
| + | :From this we gather that his father 'Awad is the son of another Ibrahim, that our Ibrahim is beautiful ("al-Badri") and merciful ("al-Radawi"). He is also a descendent of Hussein, a grandson of Mohammed, and is from Samarra. | ||
| + | |||
| + | The shorter of his new names is much different: "<span style="color:red">Abu Bakr</span> <span style="color:blue">al-Baghdadi al-Qurashi al-Husseini</span>" | ||
| + | :Now his personal name is "Abu Bakr". He is from Baghdad (al-Baghdad), and is descended from Mohammed's Qurashi tribe through Hussein. | ||
| + | |||
| + | The last name is entirely for publicity and is crawling with questional content, particularly in that he isn't even from Baghdad. By naming himself a descendent of Hussein, he is thus descended from Ali - both are highly-regarded in Shi'a Islam. This is probably for the sake of legitimising himself for an Iraqi Shi'ite audience, who historically view descendents of Ali as being legitimate Caliph claimants. This hasn't worked out very well in convincing them, since IS is perfectly happy to single Shi'ite soldiers out for execution. | ||
==See also== | ==See also== | ||
Revision as of 22:27, 25 October 2014
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Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi al-Qurashi al-Husseini, full name Ibrahim bin ‘Awad bin Ibrahim al-Badri ar-Radawi al-Husseini as-Samara’i, real name Ibrahim ibn Awwad al-Badri al-Samarrai (b. 1971?) a.k.a. Abu Du'a[1] and Caliph Ibrahim is a mysterious figure and the self-declared Emir of the State of Islam in Iraq and Syria or "Daesh", descendent of the Prophet Muhammad[2], Commander of the Faithful and Caliph of all Muslims.[3]
Contents |
Background
Baghdadi claims to have attended the Islamic University of Baghdad where he earned a PhD in Islamic studies, however critics dispute this. He is said to have founded (c.2003) his own small insurgent group, the Jaysh Ahl al-Sunna, active in Samara, Diyala and Baghdad. He was held captive by U.S. Forces-Iraq at Camp Bucca near Basra from February until December 2004 as a "civilian detainee" but eventually was recommended for an "unconditional release" by a Combined Review and Release Board.
In 2006 his group became associated with the umbrella organization collectively known in Western media as al-Qaeda in Iraq (AQI)[4], the predecassor organization of the Islamic State, led by Hamid Al-Zawi[wp][5] Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi was appointed General Supervisor of its Sharia Committee and member of the internal self governing Majlis. In 2010 Hamid Al-Zawi[6] was killed, and Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi became his successor in leadership. Baghdadi boasts of extensive "security and military experience", and is said to have been trained by and former member of Saddam Hussein's notorious elite gestapo organization, the Fedayeen Saddam.[7]
From Mr. Orange's War Tracker [3]
In a two month period beginning in March 2011, the Islamic State claimed 23 attacks south of Baghdad, all of which were alleged to have been carried out under al-Baghdadi's command. The organisation became the leading insurgency group in post-American occupied Iraq. The Islamic State courted alliances with Sunni tribes[8] that previously fought alongside American forces against al-Qaeda, but were abandoned by the Americans after they withdrew in December 2011.[9]
Eulogizing Osama bin Laden, the deceased Emir of al Qaeda killed in Pakistan by American Special Forces, Baghdadi threatened blood, destruction, and fear in retaliation.[10] Three days later, Baghdadi claimed responsibility for an attack in Hilla, Iraq, that killed 24 policemen and wounded 72 others. On August 15, 2011, a wave of suicide attacks began in Mosul which culminated in over 70 deaths. Shortly thereafter, Baghdadi's pledged on AQI’s website to carry out 100 more attacks in retaliation for bin Laden’s death.[11]
His name
For the benefit of below, here is a brief understanding of Arabic names.
- The "Ism" - The person's personal, which indicates a characteristic the namer hoped they would posess. They are usually Arabic adjectives in common usage.
- The "Laqab" - Historically, this was another adjective used alongside the Ism. In modern times this represents the person's family name.
- The "Nasab" - The father's name, represented with "bin"/"ben"/"ibn"/"bint". There may be a few Nasabs, depending on how far the namer wished the individual's heritage to be known.
- The "Nisbah" - The last part of the name indicates a tribe, their city or country. Some people may have a distant ancestor as their Nisbah. Since the Nisbah and Lawab aren't used together in someone's name, the it will assume the Laqab's historical version as a quality.
His birthname, "Ibrahim ibn Awwad al-Badri al-Samarrai", thus reads as: "Ibrahim, son of Awwad, the beautiful, from Samarra"
- From this we gather that his father was called Awwad, that he thought "beautiful" was a good name for his son (though the literal reading of al-Badri is "the moonfaced"), and that they were from Samarra in Iraq.
The longer of his new names is: "Ibrahim bin ‘Awad bin Ibrahim al-Badri ar-Radawi al-Husseini as-Samara’i"
- From this we gather that his father 'Awad is the son of another Ibrahim, that our Ibrahim is beautiful ("al-Badri") and merciful ("al-Radawi"). He is also a descendent of Hussein, a grandson of Mohammed, and is from Samarra.
The shorter of his new names is much different: "Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi al-Qurashi al-Husseini"
- Now his personal name is "Abu Bakr". He is from Baghdad (al-Baghdad), and is descended from Mohammed's Qurashi tribe through Hussein.
The last name is entirely for publicity and is crawling with questional content, particularly in that he isn't even from Baghdad. By naming himself a descendent of Hussein, he is thus descended from Ali - both are highly-regarded in Shi'a Islam. This is probably for the sake of legitimising himself for an Iraqi Shi'ite audience, who historically view descendents of Ali as being legitimate Caliph claimants. This hasn't worked out very well in convincing them, since IS is perfectly happy to single Shi'ite soldiers out for execution.
See also
Footnotes
- ↑ as shown on U.S. Government wanted posters
- ↑ Disputes exist to Ibrahim's use the surname al-Hussaini to convince followers of a relationship to the Prophet Muhammad's bloodline. [1]
- ↑ Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi – a Short Biography of the ISIS Sheikh, July 15, 2014 by Pieter Van Ostaeyen.
- ↑ technically, the Mujahideen Shura Council (Iraq)[wp]
- ↑ same as Abu Omar Al-Baghdadi, a different Baghdadi [2]. Abu Bakr took part of Abu Omar's name to denote successorship in the organization.
- ↑ a.k.a. Abu Hamza al-Muhajir, among several others
- ↑ http://www.islamtimes.org/vdci53ap3t1a3w2.ilct.html
- ↑ DABIQ Magazine, Issue 1, pp. 7-8.
- ↑ See for example 1920s Revolution Brigades; over 130 tribal militia's were said to have participated in Iraq's Awakening Councils, organized by Gens. George Casey and David Petraeus to fight with US forces against al Qaeda during the insurgency.
- ↑ Security Council Committee pursuant to resolutions 1267 (1999) and 1989 (2011) concerning Al-Qaida and associated individuals: Ibrahim ibn Awwad al-Badri al-Samarrai.
- ↑ Abu Du'a, Rewards for Justice, U.S. State Department.