Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders

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The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, currently in its fifth edition, is a manual of psychiatric diagnosis. The Board of Trustees of the American Psychiatric Association makes decisions, subject to ratification or rejection by the general APA membership, on what disorders are to be included in it. The first edition, published in 1952, described 11 categories of mental disorders. Homosexuality was added in the DSM-II (1968), but this was removed 1973. Narcissistic personality disorder was removed in 1968 and re-inserted in 1980.

The DSM-III (1980) jettisoned the terms "neurosis," "neurotic depression" and "melancholia" and added "major depression," "dysthymia" and "bipolar disorder." The separate listing of major depression and bipolar disorder is controversial because of strong evidence that the two are the same disorder.[1] The DSM-III-TR (1987) included nearly 300 disorders; the DSM-IV (1994) included almost 400. Multiple personality disorder was included in the DSM-III and renamed "dissociative personality disorder" in the DSM-IV.

The DSM-5 (not "DSM-V") added "psychosis risk syndrome," among other things. The DSM-5 sexual disorders work group abandoned its efforts to add hypersexuality (sex addiction), coercive paraphilia (rape) and hebephilia (statutory rape) as diagnosable disorders[2] when it became evident that the proposals did not have enough support from the broader APA membership. One concern was that these new diagnoses would over-medicalize human behavior.[3]

[edit] References

  1. Why Psychiatry Needs Therapy, Edward Shorter, 27 February 2010, The Wall Street Journal.
  2. DSM 5 Rejects 'Hebephilia' Except for the Fine Print, Allen J. Frances, 3 May 2012, Psychology Today.
  3. American Sex and American Psychiatry, Christopher Lane, 1 May 2012, Psychology Today.
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