The 1619 Project



The 1619 Project is an in-depth historical work that aims to retrace the origin of the United States to the introduction of slavery. It originated with a special issue of The New York Times Magazine published in August 2019, the 400th anniversary of the first enslaved black people arriving on what is now U.S. land. Since then, it has been spun off into books and educational curricula, and it has sparked debate among genuinely concerned historians obsessed with academic rigor and disingenuously concerned conservatives obsessed with whitewashing history.

Overview
The 1619 Project includes the following media:
 * A special issue of The New York Times Magazine published August 18, 2019
 * A five-episode podcast
 * The 1619 Project: A New Origin Story, a 2021 companion book that is a collection of essays connecting slavery to various other aspects of American society, law, and culture, ranging from inheritance laws, self-defense laws, traffic infrastructure, and even music.

New York Times editor Jake Silverstein has stated that the goal of the project is to redefine the birth of the U.S. to "the date when the first enslaved Africans arrived in the English colonies that would become the United States — August of 1619."

Criticism
Because the 1619 Project has brought to prominence a new angle to U.S. history that until then had seldom been discussed, the project attracted debate and criticism across the political spectrum. Conor Friersdorf in The Atlantic reported that criticism of "1619" came from both the left (World Socialist Web Site) and right (City Journal).

One of the more controversial claims made by the project is that slavery was a primary reason behind the American Revolution. For World Socialist, historian Gordon Wood disputed the "1619" claim that colonists wanted independence from Britain in order to preserve slavery. On the right, City Journal published an article calling the 1619 Project a "polemic" with an agenda to "tarnish capitalism by associating it with slavery."

The NYT responds
In the preface to The 1619 Project: A New Origin Story anthology, project creator Nikole Hannah-Jones wrote:

NYT editor Jake Silverstein responded to claims about the 1619 Project being revisionist history:

Over-the-top reactions
Predictably, conservatives who desire a jingoistic view of American history made some of the more ridiculous, over-the-top reactions, some of which were ad hominems. For instance, Erick Erickson accused 1619 Project contributors of "[profiting] from stoking and fueling racial grievances."

In July 2020, U.S. Senator Tom Cotton (Republican of Arkansas, formerly part of the Confederate States of America) introduced a bill that would revoke federal funding from public schools that included the 1619 Project in curricula. Even with a Republican president and Senate majority at the time, that bill went nowhere, given that the biggest legislative priorities at the time was combating the COVID-19 pandemic and the resulting economic recession.