Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz
From RationalWiki
Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz (1646–1716) was a German polymath. He invented calculus independently of Sir Isaac Newton. It is his notations (such as "d" for differentials and the integral sign
) that are still used today, along with some stuff from other guys like Lagrange, Euler, etc. However, more people associate calculus with Newton than with Leibniz. Why? No idea.[1]
Leibniz also invented the binary system (01010100011001001110110110110000001),[2] was a rationalist, and made contributions to medicine, philosophy, law, geology, and a crapload of other subjects.
He is best known today for his work in philosophy.