Eastern Churches
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Eastern Churches refers to those Churches which have their historical origins in the Greek-speaking Eastern Roman Empire (and later Byzantine Empire), and the Syriac-speaking communities further east. It can be subdivided into:
- Eastern Orthodox church
- and also schismatic or irregular groups that have separated from the main body of the Eastern Orthodox church, including Greek Old Calendarists, Russian Old Believers, the Montenegrin Orthodox Church, etc.
- Oriential Orthodox churches, namely those rejected the Chalcedonian settlement in favour of a monophysite or miaphysite position. This includes the Coptic Orthodox Church, the Ethiopian Orthodox Church, and the Eritrean Orthodox Church
- Nestorian churches, such as the Assyrian Church of the East
- Eastern Catholic (also called Uniate) churches, which adhere to Eastern traditions yet have accepted the authority of the Pope
By contrast, the Roman Catholic Church and Protestant churches both trace their historical origins to the Latin-speaking Western Roman Empire.