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Plagiarism
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Plagiarism is the use of others' material without proper attribution. There are very few places where it's accepted, though creationists and alties, among others, are notorious for plagiarizing from each other. Self-plagiarism (i.e. quoting yourself without pointing out that you've said it before) is seldom accepted either, though some people have made a career out of it.[note 1][note 2]
Plagiarism is often considered a form of stealing (though others argue it's simply a form of copying, not a zero-sum act like theft) and, when caught, makes the plagiarizer look lazy and incompetent. Entire careers have been
ruined over the practice. Please, please, please don't do it, even if your original material is in the public domain (And if you must, be sure always to call it please "research").
Also, having your boyfriend/girlfriend edit your paper for you (without double-checking what they did) is plagiarism too. Doubly so when the professor finds out that two pages of what they added for you are ripped directly from encyclopedias available online. So is submitting the same paper for two different classes. Don't try it. People can TA more than one course. Also, just because you never used a source that contains the exact same wording as yours doesn't make what you did original; it just means you and someone else both plagiarized the same person. Seriously – professors are not stupid.
Copyright[edit]
Plagiarism and copyright are orthogonal. Plagiarism is about credit, copyright is about whether you're allowed to copy at all (“copyleft” licenses, like Creative Commons and the GNU Free Documentation License, exist specifically to restrict plagiarism without invoking copyright). There are no laws preventing people from plagiarizing or even completely copying works in the public domain (i.e. works that are not copyrighted), such as work by the United States government, formerly copyrighted works whose copyright expired, or works deliberately put into the public domain by whoever would have held the copyright, but giving credit is still a good idea due to ethical reasons (as opposed to the usual combination of ethical and legal reasons).
(Unless you live in a country which recognises moral rights as part of its copyright law, or has doctrines such as substantial similarity. Then, especially where the former applies, it goes against the law as well.)
How to[edit]
Methods have developed with technology, much like with cheating in general. In education, copying from other students on paper gave way to copying from works available on the web, and later, to using "plagiarism machines" like large language model chatbots. Modern chatbots automate the task of rephrasing text, which the plagiarizers of old had to do manually.
On the other hand, in order to avoid getting a failing grade for plagiarism, one can consult this website, or better yet, just do your own work.
Though honestly, modern chatbots have turned the tide in favor of the cheaters. Yet they only work well so long as what's tested revolves around memorizing and regurgitating a lot of material. Those who use them to try to automate away analysis may find that the pleasing verbiage the tool produced was accompanied by logical errors or failures to do trivial math in the one place where it was required.
Absent such errors, modern tools can't reliably detect modern plagiarism. But automated plagiarism becomes exponentially more difficult as the criteria for the work moves from style to substance – at which point no tools are needed to detect the issues.
See also[edit]
- Quote mining
- Hbomberguy -Made a four hour video exposing plagiarism
External links[edit]
- Plagiarism: Everybody Into the Pool, The New York Times
- "Very brazen, very lazy, very ignorant, or very entitled. Or perhaps a blend of the four."
- See the Wikipedia article on Dissernet. — a community network for rooting out plagiarism in Russian publications (Диссернет)
Notes[edit]
- ↑ Such as computer language "expert" Herbert Schildt, who has somehow managed to repeatedly rewrite the same book several dozen times to cover C, C++, or Java without ever changing a word or checking a fact.
- ↑ In a less egregious category, popular historian Stephen Ambrose has also occasionally had trouble distinguishing between his own material and that of others.